El Tajin Pre Hispanic City

El Tajín: A Mysterious and Fascinating Pre-Hispanic City

Overview

Located in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, El Tajín is a pre-hispanic city that was once the capital of the Olmec-Pipil civilization. This ancient metropolis is considered one of the most important archaeological sites in Mesoamerica and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

History

The history of El Tajín dates back to around 1000 BC, with the site being continuously occupied until the 11th century AD. The city was first discovered by Spanish conquistadors in 1524, but it wasn’t until the 1930s that excavations began. Since then, numerous archaeological campaigns have taken place, shedding light on the lives of its inhabitants.

The Site

El Tajín is a relatively small site, covering an area of approximately 5 kilometers squared. The city was built on a hill and surrounded by a complex system of canals and aqueducts that provided water for irrigation and drinking purposes.

Main Attractions

  1. The Pyramid of the Niches (Pyramid B): This is the most impressive structure at El Tajín, with a height of 16 meters. The pyramid was dedicated to the Olmec-Pipil gods and features 12 niches on each side.
  2. The Group of Plazas: A series of interconnected plazas that form the heart of the city. These plazas feature several structures, including temples, ball courts, and a ceremonial platform.
  3. The Pyramid of the Flutes (Pyramid C): This pyramid is known for its unique fluted design on each side, which was used to decorate the structure.
  4. The Temple of the Columns: A beautifully preserved temple featuring 12 columns that were once covered in stucco and painted with bright colors.
  5. The Ball Court: An impressive sports facility where the Olmec-Pipil played a game called Tlachtli, which was similar to modern-day volleyball.

Interesting Facts

  1. Astronomical Alignments: El Tajín features several astronomical alignments, including one that corresponds with the solstices.
  2. Water Management: The site’s water management system is considered one of the most impressive in Mesoamerica, featuring canals, aqueducts, and reservoirs.
  3. Artistic Expression: El Tajín is known for its rich artistic expression, which includes intricate carvings, ceramics, and pottery.
  4. Trade and Commerce: The site was an important center of trade and commerce in the region, with goods such as cacao beans, obsidian, and feathers being traded.
  5. Ceremonial Life: El Tajín was a city dedicated to ceremonial life, with many structures and artifacts related to rituals and sacrifices.

Practical Information

  1. Getting There: El Tajín is located approximately 100 kilometers from Veracruz City, which can be reached by bus or car.
  2. Accommodation: There are several options for accommodation in the nearby town of San Andres Tuxpan, including hotels and guesthouses.
  3. Food: Traditional Mexican cuisine is available in the local restaurants, with dishes such as tacos, tortas, and chiles rellenos being popular choices.
  4. Safety: The site is considered safe, but it’s always recommended to visit during daylight hours and follow instructions from guides or park rangers.

Tips for Visitors

  1. Respect the Site: Remember that El Tajín is an archaeological site, so be respectful of its historical significance and the local environment.
  2. Bring Sun Protection: The sun can be intense in Mexico, so be sure to bring sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses.
  3. Stay Hydrated: Bring water and snacks to keep you energized throughout the day.
  4. Hire a Guide: Consider hiring a guide who can provide more information about the site and its history.

Conclusion

El Tajín is an incredible archaeological site that offers a glimpse into the lives of the Olmec-Pipil civilization. With its impressive pyramids, plazas, and ball court, it’s a must-visit destination for anyone interested in Mesoamerican culture and history. By following these practical tips and respecting the site’s significance, you’ll be able to make the most of your visit and create unforgettable memories.